Qi Gong
"Qi Gong" (literally "breath exercise"), an invaluable component of traditional Chinese medicine, has its origin in ancient times. Its primary stimulus was the search for longevity with the ultimate aim of immortality, which has so entranced the Chinese mind from ancient times. The records shows the exercises to help the "qi" (the human body's vital energy) circulating freely and to nourish the internal organs dated to the Shang Dynasty (16th-11th centuries B.C.). The actual practice of "qigong" began in the fourth century A.D. Since then the search by physician and patient for greater health, techniques of religious cultivation and the martial artist's quest for better training methods all contributed greatly to its development and enrichment over the following centuries. The Taoist, Buddhist, Confucian, Medical and Martial schools of practice developed. Unique to China only, Qigong has become an integral part of the the Chinese culture. Qigong exercise can produce a myriad of beneficial effects, of which the most common are preventing and curing diseases, strengthening the constitution, avoiding premature aging, and prolonging life. Qigong exercise requires one to relax, to be calm, natural and free from distractions, so that it can remove "stress," and dispel tension. Qigong exercise helps to keep the main and collateral channels in good shape to establish harmony between vital energy and blood, to balance between Yin and Yang, and improve coordination of the nervous system, so that protective inhibition of the cerebral cortex can be enhance. Qigong exercise helps to reduce fundamental metabolism, increase the capacity of storing energy, apply massage to the abdomen and improve appetite and brings good digestion. Qigong exercise helps to tap the body potentialities, stimulate positive factors, and enhance one's self-control. Therefore, it becomes an effective measure to attain health and longevity. Qigong masters and medical practitioners have developed a theory from a wealth of experience and practice of Qigong over many centuries. The modern scientific research and evaluation of qigong exercise has attracted increasing attention from academic and intellectual circles around the world. This may bring the benefits of qigong intellectual to light, but it may leave mechanistic dogmatism to Qigong phenomena.
Wu Shu
The theory of wushu is based upon classical Chinese philosophy. Throughout its long history it has developed characteristically with a unique combination of healthy push, practical self-defense, self-discipline and art. In sports such as field and track, ball sports, weightlifting, and boxing, an athlete typically has to retire from full participation in his 30s, due to failing physical vigor. He often will have sustained injuries he was not aware of that effect his health in middle age and older, because of overexertion when young. In Chinese kung fu, however, a distinction is made between "external" and "internal" kung fu. It is said that "In external kung fu, you exercise your tendons, bones, and skin; in internal kung fu, you train your spirit your qi, and your mind." In addition to training to achieve a strong body and nimble limbs, there is also an "internal" training to adjust body and mind, strengthen internal organs, and increase circulation of one's qi, or flow of vital energy. Progressing from movement to stillness, from firmness to softness, the older one gets, the more adept one becomes at kung fu. And the higher one's level of achievement in kung fu, the better one is at maintaining good health and living a long, active life. For Chinese Kung Fu, the internal training, that is, practicing Qigong, is essential. Chinese say: "Practicing boxing without practicing Qigong will come to nothing."
Nan Quan, Yong Chun QuanYongchun Quan (Eternal Youth Boxing) originated in Fujian Province, later spreading south to Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong. Yongchun Quan is just one of a number of styles under the general term, Nan Quan, the Southern School of Boxing, a vigorous and aggressive school popular south of the Yangtze River. Yong Chun fistic play is excellent and remarkable branch of martial arts in southern school. Its popularity can be clearly shown in the old Chinese saying that in the north, there's Taiji while in the south there's Yongchun. And its most outstanding representative is Bruce Lee, who managed to make it known all over the world. Yongchun fistic play centers around the internal work or function of the body. It also focuses on the harmony between the heart and soul, power and will. Thus, it is highly applicable for any actual combat and beneficial to those going in for the practice of Wushu San Shou competition. Of the many styles of Nan Quan, the most well-known are Hongjia Quan, Liujia Quan, Caijia Quan, Lijia Quan, and Mojia Quan, "the Five Great Schools." Other schools of Nan Quan are: Tiger and Crane Boxing, Eternal Youth Boxing, Knight Boxing, Hakka Boxing, Buddhist Boxing, White-Eyebrow Boxing, Confucian Boxing, Southern Skills Boxing, Kunlun Boxing, House of Kong Boxing, Han-Exercising Boxing, Diao School of Teaching, Yue School of Teaching, and Song School of Teaching.
Bei Quan, Shaolin Quan, Tai Ji Quan
The Shaolin Monastery is an important center in the development of Chinese martial arts. The monastery is situated in Henan Province, thirteen kilometers northwest of Dengfen County town at the western foot of Mt. Songshan. Shaolin Kung Fu is extensive. It consists of 36 external exercises and 36 internal exercises. They are called in combination the 72 hand-combat arts of Shaolin. Each kind of exercise has a very close relation with Qigong. Many other forms of exercise evolved, such as the Standing Pole Exercise, Hard Skills, Light Skills. There are also the popular Taiji Quan and Chang Quan, the energetic Xingyi Quan (Imitation Boxing), the flowing Bagua Quan, the vivid Hou Quan (Monkey Boxing) and Zui Quan (Drunken Boxing), the acrobatic Ditang Quan (Tumbling Boxing), and more. Each has its own characteristic skills.
"Eighteen Types of Martial Arts"
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"Wu Shu" (also known as kung-fu or martial arts) is one of
the typical demonstrations of traditional Chinese culture.
Perhaps it is one of the earliest and long-lasting sports,
which utilizes both brawn and brain.
The skills of Chinese wushu consist of various forms of
fighting: fist fights, weapon fights, and other fighting
routines (including such offence and defense acts as
kicking, hitting, throwing, holding, chopping and thrusting)
and unarmed combats. According to statistics, there are over
100 schools of Chinese boxing alone. Many individual styles
within each of these schools.
Bei Quan, the Northern School of Boxing is a generic term
for those schools in the provinces north of the Yangtze
River. Characterized by speed and strength, the Northern
School emphasizes variations of kicking and footwork, hence
the common saying "Southern fists, Northern legs." The major
styles of the Northern School are: Shaolin Boxing, Wheeling
Boxing, Zha School of Boxing, Essence Boxing, Flower Boxing,
Cannon Boxing, Hong School of Boxing, Full-Arm Boxing, Maze
Boxing, Six-Harmony Boxing, Springing Legs, Jabbing Feet,
Eight-Ultimate Boxing, Great Ancestor Extended Boxing and
Silk Floss Boxing.
Chinese wushu involves practice with weapons as well as the
standard bare-hand skills. "Weaponry" includes nine kinds of
long weapons and nine short, such as knives, spears, swords,
and clubs, which together constitute what is called the
"Eighteen Types of Martial Arts." The majority of these
weapons have been adapted from traditional weapons, hence
the use of the term the "eighteen military weapons." This
term was already widely used during the Song Dynasty
(960-1279). The Ming novel,
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